福建柏愈伤组织诱导与抗褐化研究

【目的】比较不同抗褐化剂减轻福建柏组织培养过程中褐化现象的效果,以提高福建柏愈伤组织培养的增殖分化能力。【方法】以福建柏鳞叶和茎段为外植体,通过单因素试验,研究0.0～2.5 mg/L NAA和2,4 D及0.0～3.0 mg/L IBA对愈伤组织诱导率与生长状态的影响;以福建柏茎段为外植体,采用单因素和多因素组合试验,研究100～2 000 mg/L聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVPP）、100～1 000 mg/L活性炭（AC）和V_C以及不同质量浓度VC与AC组合,对愈伤组织污染率、死亡或褐化率及诱导率的影响;以诱导的愈伤组织为材料,采用单因素试验,研究100～1 000 mg/L PVPP、100～300 mg/L V_C、200～1 000 mg/L AC、30～100 mg/L V_B对愈伤组织增殖生长量、增殖率、褐化率及PPO、POD活性的影响。【结果】① 不同质量浓度NAA、2,4-D和IBA对福建柏鳞叶愈伤组织的诱导率总体高于茎段,各生长素对福建柏鳞叶和茎段愈伤组织的诱导率均表现为NAA＞IBA＞2,4-D,所有处理中以1.0 mg/L NAA对福建柏鳞叶愈伤组织的诱导率最高,为83.33%;以0.5 mg/L NAA对茎段愈伤组织的诱导率最高,为61.11%;愈伤组织生长状态和抗褐化效果优劣依次为NAA、2,4-D、IBA。②仅100 mg/L V_C+200 mg/L AC处理的愈伤组织污染率低于不添加抗褐化剂的对照;死亡或褐化率仅500 mg/L PVPP处理与对照相同,均为0.00%,其余处理均高于对照;诱导率则以不同质量浓度PVPP、1 000 mg/L VC、100 mg/L V_C＋200 mg/L AC处理与对照相当或高于对照,其余处理均低于对照;愈伤组织生长状态总体以PVPP处理表现最优。③仅300 mg/L PVPP、200和400 mg/L AC处理的愈伤组织增殖率高于对照,增殖生长量仅100和200 mg/L PVPP、100 mg/L V_C、200 mg/L AC处理高于对照;所有处理中以200 mg/L AC处理的愈伤组织增殖率和增殖生长量最高,分别为70.00%和10.07 g;各抗褐化剂对福建柏愈伤组织增殖效果的优劣依次为PVPP、AC、V_C、V_B。④不同抗褐化剂处理的愈伤组织褐变率均呈先增加后趋于稳定的变化趋势,但变化幅度存在显著差异;各抗褐化剂的抗褐化效果优劣依次为AC、PVPP、V_C、V_B。⑤不同质量浓度PVPP、V_C、AC处理对福建柏愈伤组织PPO和POD活性的影响具有显著差异,但各处理PPO活性均与对照无显著差异,POD活性以500 mg/L AC处理显著高于其他处理。【结论】在福建柏愈伤组织诱导阶段,愈伤组织的褐化与生长素种类有关,生长素NAA、2,4-D适用于福建柏愈伤组织的诱导,IBA诱导的愈伤组织容易褐化,添加适量抗褐化剂能减少愈伤组织的褐化情况。在愈伤组织增殖培养阶段,适宜质量浓度的PVPP、AC作为抗褐化剂能有效减缓福建柏愈伤组织的褐化进程,保持愈伤组织的正常增殖生长,但高质量浓度的抗褐化剂会抑制愈伤组织的生长。     

止痛促愈汤对低位型肛瘘术后创面疼痛及愈合作用的临床观察

目的 观察止痛促愈汤对低位型肛瘘术后创面疼痛及愈合的临床疗效。方法 将70例低位型肛瘘患者随机分为对照组与治疗组各35例,对照组予高锰酸钾溶液熏洗联合红外线照射治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上予止痛促愈汤治疗。14 d后观察创面疼痛、水肿、渗出及肉芽组织形态和创面面积等情况,评价创面愈合时间、愈合率及临床疗效。结果 两组治疗后创面疼痛、水肿、渗出及肉芽组织形态积分和创面面积较治疗前均有改善（P<0.05）,治疗组改善程度优于对照组（P<0.05）;治疗组创面愈合时间短于对照组（P<0.05）,治疗组创面愈合率及临床总有效率均高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 止痛促愈汤可以改善低位型肛瘘术后创面疼痛、水肿、渗出,促进肉芽组织增生,缩小创面面积,促进创面愈合,提高临床疗效。     

Evaluation of bone healing in canine tibial defects filled with cortical autograft,commercial-DBM,calf fetal DBM,omentum and omentum-calf fetal DBM

The present study was conducted to compare the effects of xenogenic bovine fetal demineralized bone matrix (DBM), commercial DBM, omentum, omentum-calf fetal DBM, cortical autograft and xenogenic cartilage powder on the healing of tibial defects in a dog model to determine the best material for bone healing. Seven male adult mongrel dogs, weighing 26.2 ± 2.5 kg, were used in this study. Seven holes with a diameter of 4-mm were created and then filled with several biomaterials. Radiographs were taken postoperatively on day 1 and weeks 2, 4, 6, 8. The operated tibias were removed on the 56th postoperative day and histopathologically evaluated. On postoperative days 14, 42 and 56, the lesions of the control group were significantly inferior to those in the other group (p < 0.05). On the 28th postoperative day, the autograft group was significantly superior to the control and omentum groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, calf fetal DBM was significantly superior to the control group. There was no significant difference between the histopathological sections of all groups. Overall, the omentum and omentum-DBM groups were superior to the control group, but inferior to the autograft, commercial-DBM, calf fetal DBM and calf fetal cartilage groups.     

甘蓝型油菜MAPK1在损伤和病原菌胁迫下的表达模式分析

【目的】分析BnMAPK1组织特异性表达特征,探究其在损伤和病原菌胁迫下的特征及参加的信号途径。【方法】在电子克隆的基础上,克隆BnMAPK1的启动子序列。利用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）检测BnMAPK1的诱导表达特征。【结果】从甘蓝型油菜中克隆了MAPK1的启动子序列,发现它含有多个激素响应元件和逆境胁迫响应元件。还发现植物激素茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）、水杨酸（SA）、脱落酸（ABA）和过氧化氢（H2O2）,及损伤（wound）和核盘菌（sclerotinia sclerotiorum）均能在转录水平上激活BnMAPK1。甘蓝型油菜在损伤和接种核菌盘后,JA信号途径标志基因PDF1.2的表达量被诱导上升,而SA信号途径标志基因PR-1被抑制,推测甘蓝型油菜可能是通过茉莉酸（jasmonic acid,JA）信号途径响应损伤和病原菌入侵。【结论】甘蓝型油菜MAPK1受多种植物激素和胁迫的诱导,并且其启动子中含有多个激素响应元件和逆境胁迫响应元件,可能MAPK1在植物体抵抗外界多种胁迫中起重要作用,并且甘蓝型油菜可能是通过JA信号途径对损伤和病原菌入侵做出响应。     

新疆杨胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因的克隆与表达

杨树受损伤后能诱导一些基因的表达,其编码的蛋白质可能在杨树的防卫反应中起一定作用.用PCR方法从新疆杨叶片中克隆出一个损伤诱导型Kunitz胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因PaTI1.序列分析表明:此基因不含内含子,其翻译起点上游具有'TATA'和 'CCAAT'等转录控制元件,包含的阅读框架能编码一个长为213个氨基酸的多肽.此多肽与克隆自美洲山杨的PtTI2 和PtTI1氨基酸序列同源性最高,分别为95%和80%,其N端存在一长度为27个氨基酸的信号肽.将此基因以融合蛋白的形式在大肠杆菌中进行表达,纯化后的融合蛋白对胰蛋白酶的活性有抑制作用,每8.5 μg融合蛋白可完全抑制1 μg牛胰蛋白酶的活性.Western blot分析表明融合蛋白与PtTI2特异的抗体之间有明显的血清学反应.     

防治苹果树腐烂病多效伤口涂剂的研制

通过对病菌侵染和发病因素的分析,针对苹果腐烂病防治出现的预防不灵、病疤重犯和伤口难愈等突出问题,研制出多效伤口涂剂,并阐述了其研制过程和实际应用效果。     

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FINDINGS OF EQUINE SOLAR PENETRATION WOUNDS

The magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features, signalment, clinical history and outcome of 55 horses with a penetrating sole injury were evaluated. Our aim was to describe MR imaging findings within the hoof capsule, assess the utility of the technique and give recommendations for the optimal MR imaging protocol to evaluate such injuries. Data from five equine hospitals were analyzed retrospectively. The tract was more likely to be visualized in animals scanned within the first week postinjury. There was no significant predisposition based on breed, age, or gender. T2*W transverse sequences were the most useful for assessment of solar penetrations due to their orientation perpendicular to the deep digital flexor tendon, the reduced scanning time, and the T2* capability of enhancing magnetic susceptibility caused by hemorrhage.